Module 26: Possession

written by Amy C. Peria & Precious Arao

Background

This module is designed for high school students. However, it can be modified to teach college/university students.

This module introduces the demonstrative pronouns and possessive pronouns, and how it interacts with one another.
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This is a lesson on possession filled with multiple activities to assist with not only memorization of the pronouns, but also their application and relationship with one another.

Motivating Activity

Bugtong-Bugtong (Riddles)
Have the following riddles be guessed by the students.
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Ito ay may isang pasukan, tatlo ang labasan.        T-shirt
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Malapit ito sa mata pero hindi mo pa rin nakikita.    Ears

Processing Activity

  1.  Introduce demonstrative subject pronouns and possessive pronouns.
Demonstrative Pronouns
Filipino
​ito         i-to
iyan      i-yan
iyon      i-yon


Examples:
​Ito ay lapis.
Iyan ay libro.
Iyon ay bola.
English
​this
that
that (over there)



​Lapis ito.
Libro iyan.
Bola iyon.
Location of object
​near the speaker
near the listener
away from both speaker and listener


This is a pencil.
That is a book.
That is a ball (over there).
​Have students translate the following sentences as practice for the demonstrative pronouns.
This is a bag. 
This is not a bag.
This is a glass.
This is not a glass.
This is a pitcher.
This is not a pitcher.
That is a notebook.
That is not a notebook.
That is a book.
That is not a book.
That, over there, is a ball.  
That, over there, is not a ball.          
That, over there, is a phone.      
That, over there, is not a phone.​
Bag ito.
Hindi ito bag.
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Possessive Pronouns
The pronouns that are across from each other have the same meaning. However, which one you use will depend on its placement. In the blank lines, have students practice the word order.
Place before the noun
(Possessive noun + ligature + noun)
​
akin [a-kin] = mine
iyo [i-yo] = yours (sing.)
amin [a-min] = ours (excl. listener)
atin [a-tin] = ours (incl. listener)
inyo [in-yo] = yours (pl.)
kaniya [ka-ni-ya] = his/hers
kanila [ka-ni-la] = theirs

Aking bag.
Iyong kotse.
Aming bahay.
Place after the noun
(noun + possessive noun)

​ko [ko] = my/mine
mo [mo] = yours (sing.)
namin [na-min] = ours (exc. listener)
natin [na-tin] = ours (inc. listener)
ninyo [nin-yo] = yours (pl.)
niya [ka-ni-ya] = his/hers
nila [ni-la] = theirs
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Bag ko.
Kotse mo.
Bahay namin.
Oftentimes, demonstrative and possessive pronouns are used simultaneously to express one’s possession of something.

Possession word + demonstrative.







Adjective + ang [object] + [Possession word].
Akin ito. 
Hindi akin ito.
This is yours.
That is his.
That over there is theirs.
That is not theirs.​
This is mine.
​This is not mine.
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​Pula ang kotse ko.
  2.  Students practice the demonstrative subject pronouns: ito, iyan, iyon. Have the students pick something that is near them (ito), near someone/listener (iyan), and away from both speaker and listener (iyon) and include possession words.
For example:
Maliit ang bag kong ito.
Pula ang bolpen mong iyan.
Malaki ang kompyuter niyang iyon. 

​My bag is small.
​Your pen (over there) is red.
​Their computer there is big.
The underlined -ng is a ligature (linker or connector) between words, which makes the sentence flow smoothly. ​
  3.  Introduce plural form to the students.

Predicate + ang mga + demonstrative (ito, iyan, iyon)
Examples:
Maliliit ang mga ito.
Malalaki ang mga iyan.
Mababait ang mga iyon.

​These are small.
Those are big.
Those are good.
4. How do you use demonstrative and possessive pronouns simultaneously? Someone might ask you if a thing is what it is. For example:

​​Kape ba ito? (Is this coffee?)

Hindi + item + demonstrative pronoun.    
Hindi, Coca-cola ito. (No, this is coca cola.)


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Tsinelas mo ba iyan? (Are these slippers?)

Oo + item + demonstrative pronoun.        
Oo, tsinelas ko iyan. (Yes, these are slippers)

*Notice the shift in pronouns. The question asked if those are “your” (mo) slippers, and the answer states it is “my” (ko) slippers.
Practice questions with demonstrative pronouns. Have students answer the following questions. Make sure they are using the correct demonstrative pronouns in their responses.
This car is near the speaker.
Fork: tinidor
Kotse mo ba ito?
Kutsara ko ba iyan?
Mesa ba iyon?
Kutsara: spoon​
Bag ba iyan?
Tinidor ba ito?

Culminating Activity

Whose is this Activity
To ask who owns the item, the question word “kanino” is used, which is “whose” in English.

Here are templates to ask for who the owner is and one way to answer the question.
Kanino demonstrative pronoun?
        Whose is this?

Kaninong + item + demonstrative pronoun?
        Whose _______ is this?

Answer:
Kay              + demonstrative pronoun.
        That is         ‘s.
​*used for singular

Kina              + demonstrative pronoun.
        That is          and             ‘s. 
*used for plural
Kanino ito?


Kaninong kape ito?
​(Whose coffee is this?)


Kay Mikaela ito.
​That is Mikaela’s.


​Kina Kyle at Mikaela ito.
Have students practice the demonstrative pronouns involving possession. In this activity, students can play tag. For example,

  1. Student’s name, kaninong + item + iyan?
  2. Student’s name, kaninong + item + iyan?
  3. And so on…

The students can use this chart when asking questions or they can also use items in the classroom.

Enrichment Activity

Have students share their favorite animal and have them draft their answer using this template.​
Template:
Ito ang   _________  ko.
  (kind of animal)    ito.
  (possession/negate)     ito.
   (color)     ang   ______   niya.
Gusto/Ayaw....    ​
Sample:
Ito ang paboritong animal ko.
Penguin ito.
Hindi manok ito.
Itim at puti ang kulay niya.
Gusto kong makita ito.

Resources

  • Powerpoints: 
    • Possession
    • Ito Iyan Iyon
    • Favorite Animal